Protein Synthesis
What is Protein Synthesis Protein synthesis is essential because proteins are the building blocks of life. They perform nearly all functions in a cell, including: - Building and Repairing Tissues – Proteins make up muscles, skin, and organs. - Enzymes – Proteins act as biological catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions. - Hormones – Some proteins (like insulin) regulate body functions. - Transport – Proteins like hemoglobin carry oxygen in the blood. - Defense – Antibodies help fight infections. Since DNA holds the instructions for making proteins, cells need a process to read these instructions and build the correct proteins. That process is protein synthesis. Before we start protein synthesis we must know what are codons: - Codons - 3 letter mRNA sequence which codes for an Amino Acid - AntiCodon - tRNA sequence complementary to mRNA’s codons, attaches to the mRNA Protein synthesis happens in two main stages: --> Transcription (in the nucleus) --> Translation (in t...